Location Of Nuclear Power Plant Research Articles

Geographic location of nuclear power plants: love thy neighbour as thyself?

ABSTRACT Countries have incentives to geographically locate high-risk industries outside their own jurisdiction or close to the borders with neighbours. Nuclear power-plants (NPPs) are a good example of high-risk economic activity. The average distance of existing NPPs from neighbouring country borders was only 41 miles, implying that the location planning of NPPs considers the host country’s efforts to impose negative externality on neighbours. Empirical analyses indicate that countries choose to place the NPPs away from their major cities and close to the borders with another country. The distances of NPPs from borders are affected by the riskiness of the plants and the relative sizes of the countries.

The application of multi factor method in the site selection of reserve warehouse for nuclear and radiation emergency

This article explains the power generation of civilian nuclear power plants and the development trend of nuclear technology utilization. The construction of regional nuclear and radiation emergency monitoring material reserve warehouse (hereinafter referred to as the “reserve warehouse”) can ensure nuclear and radiation safety. According to the requirements for emergency monitoring of nuclear accidents and radiation accidents, the article summarizes several factors for site selection. The article conducts research on candidate locations for reserve warehouse and emergency monitoring demand location in China (hereinafter referred to as the “demand locations”). The multi factor method was applied to the location selection of reserve warehouses, and the following conclusions were obtained: (1) The multi factor method is feasible. It has high computational accuracy and fast speed. The site selection model has a significant optimization effect on the location of reserve warehouses. (2) The site selection model proves that the location of reserve warehouses need to consider multiple factors. When the number of reserves is 3–8, about 1–2 cities which is the location of nuclear power plants are selected as candidate cities. (3) When the number of reserve warehouse is 8, the maximum distance is less than 2400 km, meeting the distance limit set for nuclear and radiation emergency monitoring. Considering comprehensive road conditions and other factors, China needs to establish at least 5 reserve warehouses to achieve an emergency ideal situation with a maximum distance of 1600 km.

Hydrodynamical model during east season at Gosong Coastal West Borneo as candidate location of nuclear power plant in Indonesia

Indonesia planned to build the first nuclear power plant in Gosong Coast, Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan. This research examined the hydrodynamical conditions in the ocean of Gosong Coast during the eastern season. This hydrodynamic model can be considered in estimating the distribution of various radionuclide wastes that release to the ocean. It was simulated using the Delft3D flow module application for 15 days which included the neap and spring tide conditions. Base on the result of the hydrodynamical model, Gosong Coast had a mixed semidiurnal type of tide with low amplitude. The wind parameters involved higher impacts to the hydrodynamical conditions. The model result did not find significant differences between neap and spring tide periods. There was a flow collision between 2 opposite water currents which was occurred at Burung Archipelagic during flood tide and at the Coastal area of Singkawang City during ebb tide. Therefore, the ocean currents at Gosong Coast flowed directly offshore through Burung Archipelagic during ebb tide. Meanwhile during flood tide, these ocean currents moved to Singkawang and Sambas Coastal area before they deflected toward offshore.

Социальная приемлемость экологического риска населением в регионах деятельности атомных электростанций

<p>The use of nuclear technology increases the ecological risk for the society and people’s moods, inevitably. The article presents results of monitoring, realized in 2013–2015 in nine subjects of the Russian Federation – territories of disposition of the Concern RosEnergoAtom branches – the Voronezhskaya oblast, the Kurskaya oblast, the Leningrad oblast, the Saratovskaya oblast, the Sverdlovskaya oblast, the Murmanskaya oblast, the Rostovskaya oblast, the Tverskaya oblast, and the Smolenskaya oblast. Authors considered social moods of population in regions of location of nuclear power plants, people’s trust to the nuclear industry, opinions about its reliability and safety, and perspectives for the further development. The article contains the results of comparative analysis of integral indexes, characterizing social admissibility of nuclear industry and evaluation of social role of the nuclear power plants in regional economic development. We suggested, that indexes of general and ecological security of the nuclear power plant, revealing the estimations of reliability, stability, general and ecological security, implication of new technologies of protection, implementation of new technologies of environment protection, realized by administrative bodies of the nuclear power plants could could vary in different regions. We proved, that the social admissibility of the risk in regions of nuclear power plants location is a necessary condition for the development of the nuclear industry, elimination of social tension, and formation of positive social moods in regions and cities of location of nuclear power plants.</p>

Is Vietnam Ready for Nuclear Power?

V demand on power supply is increasing rapidly along with economic growth. It is a matter of urgency for Vietnam to find alternative energy source other than fossil fuel in order to minimize the influence on local climate. Currently the world’s largest nuclear power market exists in emerging economies and developing countries as those countries are in great need of relatively cheap energy to drive its economic growth. But nuclear power, neither cheap nor safe, is putting those countries in a dilemma. As the hot spot of the nuclear power market shifted from “advanced technology” to “economic affordability”, how to find a comprehensive nuclear power solution for developing countries with specific requirements poses a serious question to the international community. Demand on power supply grows by 14% per year and the growth is expected to reach 15% in Vietnam until 2015. Vietnam relies on hydro power, which accounts for 36.04% of national power supply in 2009. Short of other energy resources, it will be very difficult for Vietnam to meet the country’s power demand in the future only with hydro power and power converted from fossil fuels (such as oil, coal and natural gas). Nuclear power supply, an efficient option that addresses power shortage without emitting greenhouse gases, is still a powerful attraction to developing countries represented by Vietnam. Vietnam announced its ambitious nuclear power program that is scheduled to grow from one reactor in 2020 to 10 reactors by 2030 in which nuclear contribution to the national grid will be 1.5% in 2020, 8% in 2030, and 20−25% by 2050. Vietnam’s first nuclear power plant, located at Phuoc Dinh, is supplied by Atom Story Export from Russia. Its second, at Vinh Hai, is supplied by JAPC from Japan. As a developing country, the only thing Vietnam could do is to make nuclear power an integral part of the national grid and at the same time ensure its safety and security. Russia and Japan promised to provide aid package to Vietnam in order to meet Vietnam’s requirements on funds, technology, nuclear fuel, power plant construction and operation, etc., as Vietnam does not have the basic elements to develop nuclear power on its own. Developing countries as Vietnam must put nuclear safety and security on the first place and conduct researches on nuclear accidents in history, for example, Chernobyl, Fukushima, etc., the influence of natural disasters on nuclear power plants prior to developing nuclear energy. To keep a nuclear power plant running smoothly and safely, it is also necessary to build a team of nuclear experts, engineers, professionals, and operators. It takes years or decades for a country to master the essence of nuclear science and technology, depending on a country’s existing infrastructure. Since nuclear professionals are scarce in developing countries, Vietnam should add more nuclear engineering courses in colleges and universities to enlarge the scope of basic nuclear education and professional training. Government should invest more funds to support domestic training institutions and conduct cooperation programs with foreign counterparts to develop its indigenous nuclear professionals. The location of nuclear power plant is very important. According to local meteorological experts, the nuclear power plant in Ninh Thuan province is under the threat of tsunami. To minimize the influence of tsunami, the government should build a tsunami and earthquake warning center and establish a tsunami forecast system. Even if the nuclear power program is kicked off with sufficient funds and technologies, any delay in the phase of engineering construction will bring about disastrous and unimaginable consequences to a developing country like Vietnam. In the case of France’s EPR project, EDF announced a revised cost estimate of EUR 6 billion caused by delay, set against cost estimate of EUR 5 billion in 2010. A lesson learned from the Fukushima experience shows the way the Government and Nuclear Safety Agency supervise and regulate the management and operation of a nuclear power plant is of great importance to its safety and security. We think that it is difficult to establish a perfect nuclear management system with high safety standards in such a short period of time. A former director of the Dalat Nuclear Research Institute emphasized a bad safety culture is prevailing in every field of the country, as is shown by frequent traffic accidents in

Optimal Size and Location of Nuclear Power Plants in Energy Parks

Optimal Size and Location of Nuclear Power Plants in Energy Parks